1. Which of the following doctrines was emphasized in Indra Sawhney v. Union of India (1992)?
A. Doctrine of Severability
B. Doctrine of Reasonable Classification
C. Doctrine of Prospective Overruling
D. Doctrine of Basic Structure
B. Doctrine of Reasonable Classification
C. Doctrine of Prospective Overruling
D. Doctrine of Basic Structure
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Court upheld 27% OBC reservation using the principle of reasonable classification under Article 14. It also capped reservations at 50%.
Explanation: The Court upheld 27% OBC reservation using the principle of reasonable classification under Article 14. It also capped reservations at 50%.
2. Which provision gives the Parliament exclusive power to make laws with respect to matters not enumerated in the State List or Concurrent List?
A. Article 248
B. Article 249
C. Article 250
D. Article 252
B. Article 249
C. Article 250
D. Article 252
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Article 248 + Entry 97 of Union List confer residuary power on Parliament. Article 249 (national interest), 250 (emergency), and 252 (states’ consent) are different grounds.
Explanation: Article 248 + Entry 97 of Union List confer residuary power on Parliament. Article 249 (national interest), 250 (emergency), and 252 (states’ consent) are different grounds.
3. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that judicial review is part of the basic structure?
A. Shankari Prasad v. Union of India
B. Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
C. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
D. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
B. Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
C. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
D. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
Correct Answer: D
Explanation:Kesavananda Bharati held that judicial review is part of the basic structure, limiting Parliament’s amendment power.
Explanation:Kesavananda Bharati held that judicial review is part of the basic structure, limiting Parliament’s amendment power.
4. Under Article 361, which of the following immunities is available to the President of India?
A. Complete immunity from criminal proceedings even after the term ends
B. Immunity from civil proceedings during term without any restriction
C. Immunity from criminal proceedings during term
D. Immunity from impeachment proceedings
B. Immunity from civil proceedings during term without any restriction
C. Immunity from criminal proceedings during term
D. Immunity from impeachment proceedings
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The President enjoys immunity from criminal proceedings during term. Civil proceedings are possible with 2 months’ notice.
Explanation: The President enjoys immunity from criminal proceedings during term. Civil proceedings are possible with 2 months’ notice.
5. Which principle was evolved in Manohar Lal Sharma v. Union of India [Coal Block Allocation case]?
A. Doctrine of Colourable Legislation
B. Doctrine of Public Trust
C. Doctrine of Basic Structure
D. Doctrine of Severability
B. Doctrine of Public Trust
C. Doctrine of Basic Structure
D. Doctrine of Severability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Court applied the Public Trust Doctrine, holding natural resources belong to the people, and allocation must be transparent and fair.
Explanation: The Court applied the Public Trust Doctrine, holding natural resources belong to the people, and allocation must be transparent and fair.
6. Which provision empowers the Supreme Court to transfer a case from one High Court to another?
A. Article 131
B. Article 136
C. Article 139A
D. Article 142
B. Article 136
C. Article 139A
D. Article 142
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Article 139A empowers SC to transfer cases involving substantial constitutional questions from one High Court to another or to itself.
Explanation: Article 139A empowers SC to transfer cases involving substantial constitutional questions from one High Court to another or to itself.
7. Which of the following cases first struck down a constitutional amendment for violating the basic structure?
A. Golak Nath v. State of Punjab
B. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
C. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
D. Minerva Mills v. Union of India
B. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
C. Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain
D. Minerva Mills v. Union of India
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Although Kesavananda propounded the doctrine, the 39th Amendment was first struck down in Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain.
Explanation: Although Kesavananda propounded the doctrine, the 39th Amendment was first struck down in Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain.
8. Which emergency provision was misused extensively between 1966 and 1977, leading to its judicial scrutiny?
A. Article 352 (National Emergency)
B. Article 356 (President’s Rule)
C. Article 360 (Financial Emergency)
D. Article 365 (Failure to comply with Union directions)
B. Article 356 (President’s Rule)
C. Article 360 (Financial Emergency)
D. Article 365 (Failure to comply with Union directions)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Article 356 was misused frequently to dismiss State governments; S.R. Bommai restricted its misuse.
Explanation: Article 356 was misused frequently to dismiss State governments; S.R. Bommai restricted its misuse.
9. The term “procedure established by law” in Article 21 was borrowed from which Constitution?
A. U.S. Constitution
B. Japanese Constitution
C. Irish Constitution
D. Canadian Constitution
B. Japanese Constitution
C. Irish Constitution
D. Canadian Constitution
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: India borrowed “procedure established by law” from Japan, unlike the U.S. “due process of law”.
Explanation: India borrowed “procedure established by law” from Japan, unlike the U.S. “due process of law”.
10. Which of the following provisions cannot be amended by a simple majority of Parliament?
A. Formation of new States
B. Salaries of MPs
C. Rules of procedure in Parliament
D. Election of the President
B. Salaries of MPs
C. Rules of procedure in Parliament
D. Election of the President
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Election of President is a federal provision requiring special majority + ratification. Other matters can be changed by simple majority.
Explanation: Election of President is a federal provision requiring special majority + ratification. Other matters can be changed by simple majority.
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Ruchika Mohapatra
Contributing author
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