Q1. Which case transformed Parliament’s amending power by introducing the doctrine that amendments cannot destroy the “basic structure” of the Constitution?
A. Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan
B. Golaknath v. State of Punjab
C. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
D. Minerva Mills v. Union of India
Q2. The 24th Constitutional Amendment clarified Parliament’s power to amend Fundamental Rights by:
A. Inserting Article 368(3)
B. Removing judicial review
C. Declaring that Article 13 does not apply to constitutional amendments
D. Making amendments subject to referendum
Q3. Which Amendment is known for giving constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj system?
A. 73rd
B. 74th
C. 86th
D. 97th
Q4. The 42nd Constitutional Amendment is often described as a “mini-Constitution” because it:
A. Rewrote the entire Constitution
B. Added maximum number of changes in one amendment
C. Abolished Fundamental Rights
D. Introduced emergency provisions
Q5. Which Amendment reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years?
A. 61st
B. 62nd
C. 63rd
D. 65th
Q6. The 86th Constitutional Amendment is significant because it:
A. Inserted Right to Education as a Fundamental Right
B. Added Fundamental Duties
C. Created special courts for children
D. Introduced EWS reservation
Q7. Which Amendment introduced the National Commission for Backward Classes into the Constitution?
A. 101st
B. 102nd
C. 103rd
D. 104th
Q8. The 52nd Constitutional Amendment is associated with:
A. Electoral reforms
B. Anti-defection law
C. Reservation in promotions
D. Delimitation of constituencies
Q9. Which Amendment empowered the Centre to levy GST and restructured indirect taxation?
A. 99th
B. 100th
C. 101st
D. 102nd
Q10. The 44th Constitutional Amendment curtailed the scope of Emergency powers by:
A. Abolishing Article 352
B. Making Emergency subject to judicial review
C. Requiring written advice of the Cabinet
D. Removing Article 356
Q11. A constitutional amendment empowers Parliament to amend any part of the Constitution, including provisions that limit its own amending power. The amendment claims to be “supreme over all constitutional limitations.”
Which case most directly negates this claim?
A. Golaknath v. State of Punjab
B. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
C. Minerva Mills v. Union of India
D. S.R. Bommai v. Union of India
Q12. The 97th Constitutional Amendment relates to:
A. Cooperative societies
B. Local self-government
C. Banking reforms
D. Labour welfare
Q13. Which Amendment extended reservation in legislatures for SCs and STs till 2030?
A. 102nd
B. 103rd
C. 104th
D. 105th
Q14. The 25th Constitutional Amendment replaced “compensation” with “amount” in Article 31 to:
A. Remove judicial scrutiny of property acquisition
B. Increase compensation to landowners
C. Make property a legal right
D. Strengthen Fundamental Rights
Q15. Which Amendment inserted the words “Socialist” and “Secular” in the Preamble?
A. 41st
B. 42nd
C. 43rd
D. 44th
Answers
1. C – Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
Explanation: This landmark decision upheld Parliament’s power to amend any part of the Constitution, but subjected it to the limitation that the basic structure cannot be altered.
2. C – Declaring that Article 13 does not apply to constitutional amendments
Explanation: It overturned Golaknath by stating that constitutional amendments are not “law” under Article 13.
3. A – 73rd
Explanation: The 73rd Amendment introduced Part IX and institutionalised Panchayati Raj in rural areas.
4. B – Added maximum number of changes in one amendment
Explanation: It made sweeping changes to Fundamental Rights, DPSPs, judicial review and federal structure.
5. A – 61st
Explanation: The 61st Amendment broadened democratic participation by lowering the voting age.
6. A – Inserted Right to Education as a Fundamental Right
Explanation: It inserted Article 21A, making free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 a Fundamental Right.
7. B – 102nd
Explanation: The 102nd Amendment gave constitutional status to the NCBC by inserting Articles 338B and 342A.
8. B – Anti-defection law
Explanation: It inserted the Tenth Schedule to curb political defections.
9. C – 101st
Explanation: The 101st Amendment introduced GST and created the GST Council.
10. C – Requiring written advice of the Cabinet
Explanation: It ensured that Emergency could be proclaimed only on written advice of the Cabinet.
11. C – Minerva Mills v. Union of India
Explanation: In Minerva Mills, the Court struck down clauses that gave Parliament unlimited amending power, holding that limited amending power itself is part of the basic structure.
12. A – Cooperative societies
Explanation: It added Part IX-B, giving constitutional status to cooperative societies.
13. C – 104th
Explanation: The 104th Amendment extended SC/ST reservation while discontinuing Anglo-Indian nomination.
14. A – Remove judicial scrutiny of property acquisition
Explanation: It aimed to prevent courts from questioning adequacy of compensation in land acquisition.
15. B – 42nd
Explanation: The 42nd Amendment altered the Preamble to reflect ideological commitments of the State.
