Ace your exam prep for CLAT PG with Multiple Choice Questions on Hindu Law covering marriage, succession, adoption, and guardianship, with detailed solutions.
QUESTIONS
1. Under Hindu law, who can be a coparcener in a Mitakshara joint Hindu family post the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005?
A. Only the eldest male member of the family
B. Only sons and grandsons
C. Only male members up to four generations
D. Both sons and daughters
B. Only sons and grandsons
C. Only male members up to four generations
D. Both sons and daughters
Answer: D.
Explanation: The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 grants equal coparcenary rights to daughters, placing them on the same footing as sons. Therefore, both sons and daughters of a coparcener become coparceners by birth.
2. A coparcener under Mitakshara law can demand partition. Which of the following correctly states his right?
A. Only the karta can demand partition
B. Any coparcener, irrespective of age, can demand partition
C. A minor coparcener cannot demand partition
D. Only male coparceners can demand partition
B. Any coparcener, irrespective of age, can demand partition
C. A minor coparcener cannot demand partition
D. Only male coparceners can demand partition
Answer: B.
Explanation: Under Mitakshara law, any coparcener, whether male or female, and regardless of age, has a right to demand partition. However, in the case of a minor, it is exercised by the guardian in the minor’s interest.
3. Which of the following properties is not considered ancestral property under Hindu law?
A. Property inherited from the father
B. Property gifted by the maternal grandfather
C. Property inherited from great-grandfather
D. Property inherited from grandfather without partition
B. Property gifted by the maternal grandfather
C. Property inherited from great-grandfather
D. Property inherited from grandfather without partition
Answer: B.
Explanation: Ancestral property must be inherited by birth through the paternal male line. Property gifted by the maternal grandfather is not considered ancestral; it is personal or separate property.
4. A Hindu male dies intestate leaving behind a widow, a daughter, and his mother. Who inherits his property under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956?
A. Only the widow
B. Widow and daughter equally
C. Widow, daughter, and mother equally
D. Only the daughter
B. Widow and daughter equally
C. Widow, daughter, and mother equally
D. Only the daughter
Answer: C.
Explanation: Under Section 10 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, all Class I heirs (widow, daughter, mother, etc.) inherit simultaneously and equally. Thus, all three share equally in the estate.
5. A Hindu widow remarries. What is the effect on her inheritance rights from her deceased husband’s estate?
A. She loses all rights to the estate
B. Her rights are unaffected
C. She can claim only maintenance
D. She must return the inherited property
B. Her rights are unaffected
C. She can claim only maintenance
D. She must return the inherited property
Answer: B.
Explanation: As per Section 24 (repealed) and clarified by case law, a Hindu widow’s remarriage does not affect her inheritance rights. The law now ensures progressive succession rights.
6. Which of the following statements is false about a Karta in a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF)?
A. He can enter into contracts for family business
B. He is not personally liable for family debts
C. He can alienate property for legal necessity
D. He must act in good faith
B. He is not personally liable for family debts
C. He can alienate property for legal necessity
D. He must act in good faith
Answer: B.
Explanation: A Karta is personally liable for family debts to the extent of joint family property and personal property (for debts incurred by him). All other statements are correct.
7. In which of the following cases does the doctrine of survivorship not apply under Hindu law post-2005 amendment?
A. Death of a coparcener with only male children
B. Death of a coparcener leaving behind a daughter
C. Death of a coparcener with no heirs
D. Death of a coparcener after testamentary disposition
B. Death of a coparcener leaving behind a daughter
C. Death of a coparcener with no heirs
D. Death of a coparcener after testamentary disposition
Answer: B.
Explanation: After the 2005 amendment, daughters became coparceners. Hence, on the death of a coparcener, succession under Section 6 applies rather than the doctrine of survivorship.
8. Which of the following is NOT a ground for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955?
A. Desertion for 2 years
B. Unsoundness of mind
C. Renunciation of the world
D. Imprisonment for one year
B. Unsoundness of mind
C. Renunciation of the world
D. Imprisonment for one year
Answer: D.
Explanation: Imprisonment for seven years or more is a valid ground (Section 13). One year of imprisonment is not sufficient for divorce. Hence, option D is not a ground.
9. What is the status of an adoption made by a Hindu male without the consent of his living wife?
A. Valid if adopted in good faith
B. Voidable
C. Void unless the wife has renounced the world or is declared of unsound mind
D. Automatically valid if child is a relative
B. Voidable
C. Void unless the wife has renounced the world or is declared of unsound mind
D. Automatically valid if child is a relative
Answer: C.
Explanation: Under Section 7 of the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956, a Hindu male must obtain the consent of his wife unless she is dead, renounced the world, or is of unsound mind. Otherwise, the adoption is void.
10. Which of the following is a valid adoption under Hindu law?
A. Adoption of a married boy aged 16 years
B. Adoption of a boy by his maternal aunt
C. Adoption of a girl child by a Hindu male with wife’s consent
D. Adoption of two boys by the same person
B. Adoption of a boy by his maternal aunt
C. Adoption of a girl child by a Hindu male with wife’s consent
D. Adoption of two boys by the same person
Answer: C.
Explanation: Section 11 outlines valid conditions. A Hindu male can adopt a girl child with the wife’s consent, and the child must be unmarried and below 15 years, unless custom allows otherwise. Only one child of each gender can be adopted unless custom permits.
Read More: Essentials of a Valid Hindu Marriage
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Ruchika Mohapatra
Contributing author
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