Logical Reasoning (Critical Reasoning + Analytical Reasoning) Questions for CLAT UG [Part 1]
1. According to a government report, the promotion of electric vehicles will significantly decrease the air pollution in cities, despite coal being the key source of electricity production. What is the assumption that needs to be made in the claim?
A. Electric cars are not expensive to all citizens.
B. Electric cars lead to zero emissions throughout the life cycle.
C. Motor vehicle air polluters are significant causes of air pollution in cities.
D. The use of coal-based electricity will soon be removed.
B. Electric cars lead to zero emissions throughout the life cycle.
C. Motor vehicle air polluters are significant causes of air pollution in cities.
D. The use of coal-based electricity will soon be removed.
2. All the regulatory authorities are statutory bodies. Certain authorities of the statute are inefficient. What will be the logical conclusion?
A. All the regulating authorities are inefficient.
B. Certain regulatory agencies might lack efficiency.
C. Not even any statutory power is effective.
D. Anything that is inefficient is a regulatory body.
B. Certain regulatory agencies might lack efficiency.
C. Not even any statutory power is effective.
D. Anything that is inefficient is a regulatory body.
3. According to an author, transparency in the judiciary enhances confidence in the courts. Which one is the strongest that supports the argument?
A. Courts handle delicate cases.
B. Data shows the existence of more trust in the jurisdictions with open judicial procedures.
C. Public trust is important for democracy.
D. The judges are determined by constitution.
B. Data shows the existence of more trust in the jurisdictions with open judicial procedures.
C. Public trust is important for democracy.
D. The judges are determined by constitution.
4. In spite of the growing percentage of vaccination, the disease outbreaks persist because of misinformation and vaccine hesitancy. What follows logically?
A. Vaccines are ineffective.
B. Misinformation interferes with the health measures of the population.
C. Diseases are unavoidable.
D. Vaccination of persons to prevent infection should be halted.
B. Misinformation interferes with the health measures of the population.
C. Diseases are unavoidable.
D. Vaccination of persons to prevent infection should be halted.
5. Markets are studied by all economists. Consumer behaviour is researched by some market-studiers. Which conclusion is valid?
A. Consumer behaviour is under study by all economists.
B. Consumer behaviour may be researched by some economists.
C. No economist studies consumer behaviour.
D. Economists are all consumer researchers.
B. Consumer behaviour may be researched by some economists.
C. No economist studies consumer behaviour.
D. Economists are all consumer researchers.
6. 4, 9, 19, 39, ? Which is the next number in the pattern?
A. 59
B. 69
C. 79
D. 81
B. 69
C. 79
D. 81
7. X is Y’s daughter. Y is Z’s brother. How is X related to Z?
A. Niece
B. Daughter
C. Sister
D. Cousin
B. Daughter
C. Sister
D. Cousin
8. Extensive data protection legislation is necessary because the frequent risk of data breaches endangers both privacy and economic well-being. What is the main conclusion which can be inferred from this statement?
A. Data breaches are frequent.
B. Privacy is important.
C. Economic security matters.
D. Data protection laws are required.
B. Privacy is important.
C. Economic security matters.
D. Data protection laws are required.
9. Arrange logically: Judge, FIR, Trial, Verdict
A. FIR → Judge → Trial → Verdict
B. FIR → Trial → Judge → Verdict
C. FIR → Trial → Verdict → Judge
D. Judge → FIR → Trial → Verdict
B. FIR → Trial → Judge → Verdict
C. FIR → Trial → Verdict → Judge
D. Judge → FIR → Trial → Verdict
10. Argument: Governments should provide subsidies for renewable energy because it will create more jobs than fossil fuels. Which strengthens the argument most?
A. Renewable energy companies employ more workers per unit of energy produced than fossil fuel companies.
B. Fossil fuels are polluting.
C. Subsidies are expensive.
D. Renewable energy is technically feasible.
B. Fossil fuels are polluting.
C. Subsidies are expensive.
D. Renewable energy is technically feasible.
11. Building more public parks in cities will improve the health of residents because people will exercise more in these parks. Which of the following, if true, weakens the argument?
A. Public parks provide open spaces for recreation.
B. Many city residents do not use parks for physical exercise.
C. Exercise is good for health.
D. Cities have limited land available.
B. Many city residents do not use parks for physical exercise.
C. Exercise is good for health.
D. Cities have limited land available.
12. Government suggests that providing free internet in rural areas will increase literacy rates. Which assumption is required to support this statement?
A. People in rural areas can read.
B. Online learning materials are available.
C. Literacy depends solely on access to the internet.
D. Schools in rural areas are overcrowded.
B. Online learning materials are available.
C. Literacy depends solely on access to the internet.
D. Schools in rural areas are overcrowded.
13. Statements:
All public prosecutors are lawyers.
Some lawyers are law professors.
All public prosecutors are lawyers.
Some lawyers are law professors.
Which of the following conclusions is logically valid?
A. All public prosecutors are law professors.
B. Some public prosecutors may be law professors.
C. No public prosecutor is a law professor.
D. All law professors are public prosecutors.
B. Some public prosecutors may be law professors.
C. No public prosecutor is a law professor.
D. All law professors are public prosecutors.
14. After stricter anti-pollution laws were implemented, air quality in the city improved significantly. Which is the most reasonable inference?
A. Pollution was the only cause of air quality problems.
B. Anti-pollution laws contributed to improved air quality.
C. Air quality would have improved anyway.
D. Citizens ignored the laws.
B. Anti-pollution laws contributed to improved air quality.
C. Air quality would have improved anyway.
D. Citizens ignored the laws.
15. If LAW is coded as MBX, how is JUDGE coded?
A. KVEQF
B. KVEEF
C. JVDHF
D. KVEHF
B. KVEEF
C. JVDHF
D. KVEHF
Answers with their Explanations
- Correct Answer: C
Option A concerns not the pollution impact, its affordability.
Option B is factually mistaken and even unnecessary.
Option D is future speculation.
Hence, Option C has to hold because in this way, the replacement of vehicles will be meaningless in terms of the reduction of pollution.
Option B is factually mistaken and even unnecessary.
Option D is future speculation.
Hence, Option C has to hold because in this way, the replacement of vehicles will be meaningless in terms of the reduction of pollution.
- Correct Answer: B
Options A and D overgeneralise.
Option C is an introduction of the absolute that is not provided.
Hence, Option B is correct in her statement of possibility that is the best valid conclusion.
Option C is an introduction of the absolute that is not provided.
Hence, Option B is correct in her statement of possibility that is the best valid conclusion.
- Correct Answer: B
Options A and D are descriptive, not supportive.
Option C is a general value statement.
Hence, Option B, by presenting data, thus strengthens the argument.
Option C is a general value statement.
Hence, Option B, by presenting data, thus strengthens the argument.
- Correct Answer: B Option A contradicts the premise. Option C is unsupported. Option D is illogical. Hence, Option B has been used to explain the continuation of outbreaks.
- Correct Answer: B Options A, C and D are claims without foundation. Hence, Option B can be called a valid conclusion as it shows a logical overlap.
- Correct Answer: C Pattern: the earlier number x 2 +1 = the next number in pattern 4 x 2 +1 = 9 9 x 2 + 1 = 19 19 x 2 + 1 = 39 39 x 2 + 1 = 79 So, the next number in the pattern is 79 (Option C).
- Correct Answer: A X is the child of Z’s brother. So, X is the niece of Z.
- Correct Answer: D Options A, B, and C are premises. Hence, Option D is the author’s conclusion.
- Correct Answer: A FIR initiates the process, judge presides over the trial, leading to a verdict.
- Correct Answer: A Option B supports environmental reasons, not job creation. Option C is irrelevant. Option D is technical feasibility, not related to jobs. Hence, Option A directly strengthens the employment argument.
- Correct Answer: B The argument assumes that more parks will lead to more exercise, which would ultimately lead to better health. Option A supports the idea of parks being useful. Option C supports the link between exercise and health. Option D talks about land availability, not whether parks improve health. Hence, Option B weakens the argument because if people do not actually exercise in parks, building more parks will not improve health.
- Correct Answer: B Option A is too obvious; literacy depends on more than just ability. Option C is too strong; literacy has multiple factors. Option D is irrelevant. Hence, Option B is necessary; without learning materials, internet access won’t help.
- Correct Answer: B This allows possible overlap, not certainty. Option A is incorrect because there is no statement saying all lawyers are professors. Option C is incorrect because overlap is possible and not ruled out. Option D is incorrect because law professors need not be public prosecutors. Hence, Option B is correct because some public prosecutors may also be law professors.
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Adtiya Aryan
Contributing author
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