Passage 1:
A recent study shows that people who regularly engage in mentally stimulating activities, such as reading books, solving puzzles, or playing chess, are less likely to develop cognitive decline in old age. However, the same study indicates that those who frequently engage in passive activities like watching television for long hours show higher rates of cognitive deterioration.
Question 1: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A) Engaging in passive activities causes cognitive decline.
B) Mentally stimulating activities prevent cognitive decline.
C) Watching television does not affect cognitive health.
D) Cognitive health depends solely on the type of activities one engages in.
B) Mentally stimulating activities prevent cognitive decline.
C) Watching television does not affect cognitive health.
D) Cognitive health depends solely on the type of activities one engages in.
Answer: B) Mentally stimulating activities prevent cognitive decline.
Explanation: The passage establishes a correlation between mental stimulation and lower chances of cognitive decline. However, it does not explicitly claim that watching TV “causes” cognitive decline, only that there is an association. Hence, option B is the best inference.
Passage 2
Company X introduced a work-from-home policy, expecting an increase in productivity. However, after a year, reports showed a significant decline in overall efficiency. The management decided to reintroduce mandatory in-office work three days a week, believing that direct supervision improves performance.
Question 2: Which assumption underlies the company’s decision?
A) Employees prefer working in an office environment.
B) Direct supervision leads to better productivity.
C) Work-from-home policies always reduce efficiency.
D) The decline in productivity was due to lack of supervision.
B) Direct supervision leads to better productivity.
C) Work-from-home policies always reduce efficiency.
D) The decline in productivity was due to lack of supervision.
Answer: D) The decline in productivity was due to lack of supervision.
Explanation: The company assumes that the drop in efficiency resulted from reduced supervision and not other factors like personal distractions or poor time management. This assumption justifies their decision to reintroduce in-office work.
Question 3: All mangoes are fruits. Some fruits are sour. Therefore, which of the following must be true?
A) All mangoes are sour.
B) Some mangoes are not sour.
C) Some fruits are mangoes.
D) No mangoes are sour.
B) Some mangoes are not sour.
C) Some fruits are mangoes.
D) No mangoes are sour.
Answer: C) Some fruits are mangoes.
Explanation: The statement “All mangoes are fruits” confirms that mangoes belong to the fruit category. However, it does not establish whether mangoes are sour. The only definite conclusion is that “Some fruits are mangoes.”
Question 4: If no cats are dogs, and some dogs are mammals, which of the following is definitely true?
A) Some cats are mammals.
B) All mammals are dogs.
C) No cat is a mammal.
D) No valid conclusion can be drawn.
B) All mammals are dogs.
C) No cat is a mammal.
D) No valid conclusion can be drawn.
Answer: D) No valid conclusion can be drawn.
Explanation: We cannot infer anything about the relationship between cats and mammals, as no information is provided linking the two.
Question 5: Statement: “Government should impose heavy fines on industries polluting rivers.”
Assumption:
Assumption:
A) Pollution is a major problem.
B) Heavy fines will deter industries from polluting.
C) Industries will comply with laws voluntarily.
D) Industrial pollution is the only cause of river pollution.
B) Heavy fines will deter industries from polluting.
C) Industries will comply with laws voluntarily.
D) Industrial pollution is the only cause of river pollution.
Answer: B) Heavy fines will deter industries from polluting.
Explanation: The assumption is that imposing fines will act as a deterrent, leading industries to reduce pollution.
Question 6:
Statements: Some teachers are doctors.
All doctors are scientists.
Conclusion:
Statements: Some teachers are doctors.
All doctors are scientists.
Conclusion:
A) Some teachers are scientists.
B) All teachers are scientists.
C) No teacher is a scientist.
D) None of the above.
B) All teachers are scientists.
C) No teacher is a scientist.
D) None of the above.
Answer: A) Some teachers are scientists.
Explanation: Since “Some teachers are doctors” and “All doctors are scientists,” we can conclude that “Some teachers are scientists.”
Question 7: Find the missing term: 5, 11, 23, 47, ?
A) 99
B) 85
C) 83
D) 78
B) 85
C) 83
D) 78
Answer: C) 83
Explanation: 47×2+1=99 [n*2 + 1]
Question 8: A is older than B, but younger than C. D is younger than A. Who is the youngest?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer: D) D
Explanation: Since D is younger than A, and A is not the youngest, D must be the youngest.
Question 9: A is the father of B. B is married to C. C is the mother of D. How is A related to D?
A) Uncle
B) Father
C) Grandfather
D) Brother
B) Father
C) Grandfather
D) Brother
Answer: C) Grandfather
Explanation: A is B’s father, and B is D’s parent, making A the grandfather of D.
Question 10: If all roses are flowers and some flowers are white, can we conclude that some roses are white?
A) Yes
B) No
C) Maybe
D) Insufficient data
B) No
C) Maybe
D) Insufficient data
Answer: B) No
Explanation: There is no direct connection between roses and whiteness.
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Ruchika Mohapatra
Contributing author
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