LOGICAL REASONIG QUESTIONS FOR CLAT
Preparing for CLAT UG 2024? Looking for Logical Reasoning Questions for CLAT based on the latest pattern? Practice these Questions on Logical Reasoning for CLAT 2024 and ensure a seat in the college of your dreams today!
Questions on Flawed Reasoning
Question 1: “The new policy aims to reduce crime rates in the city by imposing a curfew from 10 pm to 6 am.
” This will keep thieves off the streets throughout the evening hours.”
- What is the error in the preceding reasoning?
- A) False Cause
- B) Ad Hominem
- C) Broad Generalization
- D) Posing a Question
Answer: C) Broad Generalization
Explanation: The fault in this argument is that it makes broad generalizations. The speaker believes that all criminals are active exclusively at night and that implementing a curfew will keep them off the streets, lowering crime rates.
This approach, however, oversimplifies the situation by assuming that all criminals follow a strict schedule and that no crimes occur during the day. It ignores other potential causes of crime and fails to consider that certain crimes may happen during the day or in private settings. The program’s effectiveness in reducing crime rates cannot be based merely on generalizing criminal conduct based on time restrictions.
Question 2: “If you want to be successful in business, you must have an Ivy League education.”
“Ivy League universities produced all of the world’s top entrepreneurs.”
What is the error in the preceding reasoning?
- A) Circular Reasoning
- B) Popularity Appeal
- C) False Dichotomy
- D) Red Herring
Answer: C)
Explanation: This argument’s problem is a false dichotomy. The speaker offers only two options: an Ivy League education or failure in business. This oversimplified logic disregards the notion that great entrepreneurs can come from various educational backgrounds.
The argument incorrectly portrays the situation as an either-or choice when business success is determined by multiple criteria other than the type of university attended. Successful entrepreneurs can emerge from Ivy League and non-Ivy League universities and alternative avenues of self-education and experience.
Questions on Parallel Reasoning
Question 3: Read the following passage and choose which of the following answer selections demonstrates parallel reasoning:
“Recent research indicates that people who meditate for a few minutes each day have lower stress levels and better focus.”
“Similarly, people who practice mindfulness daily report improved emotional well-being and cognitive capacities.”
Which of the following examples demonstrates parallel logic to the passage?
- A) People who take short power naps during the day are more productive and have improved memory recall.
- B) Students who check their class notes every evening outperform their peers in terms of exam performance and academic accomplishment.
- C) People who exercise regularly have lower anxiety levels and perform better in problem-solving activities.
- D) Employees who participate in weekly yoga sessions report increased job satisfaction and reduced burnout at work.
Answer: C)
Explanation: Option C demonstrates parallel thinking to the paragraph. The original article describes two scenarios: meditating for a few minutes daily reduces stress and improves focus. In contrast, regular mindfulness activities enhance emotional well-being and cognitive capacities.
Option C extends this logic by claiming that people who engage in regular physical exercise (similar to meditating or practising mindfulness daily) have lower anxiety levels and perform better in problem-solving activities (identical to improved focus and cognitive capacities). The passage and Option C emphasise the need for consistent daily actions to achieve specific positive outcomes.
Question 4: Read the following passage and choose which of the following answer selections demonstrates parallel reasoning:
“The city council implemented a policy to ban all plastic bags to reduce environmental pollution,” says the passage. The amount of plastic garbage in landfills fell dramatically due to this legislation. Similarly, “after the city implemented a plastic recycling program, plastic waste in landfills decreased even more.”
Which of the following examples demonstrates parallel logic to the passage?
- A) The school implemented a rigorous “no junk food” policy, which enhanced the children’s overall health and well-being.
- B) The number of road accidents in the city dropped by 30% with implementation of a new traffic rule.
- C) The company implemented a work-from-home policy, which enhanced employee satisfaction and productivity.
- D) A town added more public water fountains, which reduced the use of single-use plastic water bottles.
Answer: D)
Explanation: Option D demonstrates parallel logic to the passage. The original section outlines two scenarios: prohibiting plastic bags reduces plastic waste in landfills, and implementing a plastic recycling program reduces plastic waste even further.
Option D extends this logic by claiming that building more public water fountains (similar to prohibiting plastic bags) minimizes the consumption of single-use plastic water bottles (similar to reducing plastic waste in landfills). The passing and Option D emphasizes the positive environmental impact of specific initiatives that directly address the issue.
Question 5: Read the following passage and choose which of the following answer selections demonstrates parallel reasoning:
“Studies show that students who review their class material regularly, rather than cramming before exams, perform better academically.”
“Individuals with regular physical activity rather than occasional challenging exercises have more long-term health benefits”.
Which of the following examples demonstrates parallel logic to the passage?
- A) People who save money daily over time have greater financial security than those who attempt to make substantial one-time investments.
- B) Participants who practice a musical instrument daily improve more than those who practice for long periods once a week.
- C) Athletes who eat a balanced diet all year have superior endurance than those who only eat a strict diet before contests.
- D) Employees who attend business training sessions consistently gain more excellent abilities than those who participate in special courses on an as-needed basis.
Answer: B)
Explanation: Option B demonstrates parallel logic to the passage. The original article discusses two scenarios: frequent study of class material enhances academic success, and regular physical activity brings long-term health advantages.
Option B extends this logic by claiming that participants who practice a musical instrument every day (similar to reviewing class material regularly or engaging in regular physical exercise) improve more than those who practice for extended hours once a week (equivalent to occasional intense workouts). The passage and Option B emphasize the benefits of consistent and regular practice over sporadic and intense attempts.
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Indrasish Majumder
Contributing author
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